Tempo:
HISTORY OF THE SIKHS
48 1581-1606
partisan o£
Prince
Khusru in rebellion.
Imprison-
ment and death of Arjun, 1606.
summoned to the emperor's presence, and fined and imprisoned at the instigation chiefly, it is said, of Chandu Shah, whose alliance he had rejected, and who represented him as a man of a dangerous ambition.^ Arjun died in 1606^ and his death is believed to have been hastened by the rigours of his confinement; but his followers piously assert that, having obtained leave to bathe in the river Ravi, he vanished in the shallow stream, to the fear and wonder of those guarding him.-
During the ministry
Diffusion of
Sikhism.
The writings of Gur Das Bhulleh.
CHAP, III
of
Arjun the principles of
Nanak took a firm hold on the minds of his followers,' and a disciple named Gur Das gives a lofty and imaginative view of the mission of that teacher, He regards him as the successor of Vyasa and Muhammad, and as the destined restorer of purity and sanctity; the regenerator of a world afflicted with the increasing wickedness of men, and with the savage contentions of numerous sects. He declaims against the bigotry of the Muhammadans and their ready resort to violence; he denounces the asceticism cf the Hindus, and he urges all men to abandon their evil ways, to live peacefully and Virtuously, and to call upon the name of the on'e true God to whom Nanak had borne witness. Arjun is commonly said to have refused to- give these writings of his stern but fervid disciple a place in the Granth. perhaps as unsuited to the tenor of Nanak's exhortations, which scarcely condemn or threaten others. The writings of Gur Das are, indeed, rather figurative descriptions of actual affairs than simple hymns in praise 1 Dabistan, ii. 272, 273. The Sikh accounts correspond sufficiently as to the fact of the Guru's arraignment, while they are sileat about his treason. They declare the emperor to have been satisfied of his sanctity and innocence (generally), and attribute his continued imprisonment to Chandu's malig(Cf. Malcolm, Sketch, p. 32.) nity and disobedience of orders. Muhsin Fani also states that a Muhammadan saint of Thanesar was banished by Jahangir for aiding Khusru with his .
(Dabistan, ii. 273.) The emperor himself simply states (Memoirs, p. 88) that at Lahore he impaled seven hundred of the rebels, and on his way to that city he appears (Memoirs, p. 81) to have bestowed a present on Shaikh Nizam of Thanesar; but he may have subsequently become aware of prayers.
his hostility. - Cf. Malcolm, Sketch, p. 33; the Dabistan, ii. 272—3; and Forster Travels, i. 298. A. D. 1553 seems the most probable date of Arjun's birth, although one account places it as late as a. d. 1565. Similarly 1663 Sambat, or 1015 Hijri, or a. d. 1606, seems the most certain date of his death. Muhsin Fani observes (Dabistan, ii. 270) that in the time of Arjun Sikhs were to be found everywhere throughout the country. •'
48 1581-1606
partisan o£
Prince
Khusru in rebellion.
Imprison-
ment and death of Arjun, 1606.
summoned to the emperor's presence, and fined and imprisoned at the instigation chiefly, it is said, of Chandu Shah, whose alliance he had rejected, and who represented him as a man of a dangerous ambition.^ Arjun died in 1606^ and his death is believed to have been hastened by the rigours of his confinement; but his followers piously assert that, having obtained leave to bathe in the river Ravi, he vanished in the shallow stream, to the fear and wonder of those guarding him.-
During the ministry
Diffusion of
Sikhism.
The writings of Gur Das Bhulleh.
CHAP, III
of
Arjun the principles of
Nanak took a firm hold on the minds of his followers,' and a disciple named Gur Das gives a lofty and imaginative view of the mission of that teacher, He regards him as the successor of Vyasa and Muhammad, and as the destined restorer of purity and sanctity; the regenerator of a world afflicted with the increasing wickedness of men, and with the savage contentions of numerous sects. He declaims against the bigotry of the Muhammadans and their ready resort to violence; he denounces the asceticism cf the Hindus, and he urges all men to abandon their evil ways, to live peacefully and Virtuously, and to call upon the name of the on'e true God to whom Nanak had borne witness. Arjun is commonly said to have refused to- give these writings of his stern but fervid disciple a place in the Granth. perhaps as unsuited to the tenor of Nanak's exhortations, which scarcely condemn or threaten others. The writings of Gur Das are, indeed, rather figurative descriptions of actual affairs than simple hymns in praise 1 Dabistan, ii. 272, 273. The Sikh accounts correspond sufficiently as to the fact of the Guru's arraignment, while they are sileat about his treason. They declare the emperor to have been satisfied of his sanctity and innocence (generally), and attribute his continued imprisonment to Chandu's malig(Cf. Malcolm, Sketch, p. 32.) nity and disobedience of orders. Muhsin Fani also states that a Muhammadan saint of Thanesar was banished by Jahangir for aiding Khusru with his .
(Dabistan, ii. 273.) The emperor himself simply states (Memoirs, p. 88) that at Lahore he impaled seven hundred of the rebels, and on his way to that city he appears (Memoirs, p. 81) to have bestowed a present on Shaikh Nizam of Thanesar; but he may have subsequently become aware of prayers.
his hostility. - Cf. Malcolm, Sketch, p. 33; the Dabistan, ii. 272—3; and Forster Travels, i. 298. A. D. 1553 seems the most probable date of Arjun's birth, although one account places it as late as a. d. 1565. Similarly 1663 Sambat, or 1015 Hijri, or a. d. 1606, seems the most certain date of his death. Muhsin Fani observes (Dabistan, ii. 270) that in the time of Arjun Sikhs were to be found everywhere throughout the country. •'
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