Tempo:
ON ^"^"^^ LAND-TAX IN INDIA
APP. XVI
321
seed, his own inferior food, and the most sijtnple requisites of tillage; and as he has thus no means, he cannot incur the expense or run the risk of introducing
improvements.
Hence it behoves England, if in doubt about Oriental 'socage' and 'freehold' tenures, to redistribute her taxation, to diminish her assessment on the soil, and to give her multitudes of subjects, who are practically 'copyholders', at least a permanent interest in the land, as she has done so largely by customary'
leaseholders within her own proper dominion. There should likewise be a limit to which such estates might be divided, and this could be advantageously done, b}^ allowing the owner of a petty holding to dispose as he pleased, not of the land itself, but of what it might bring when sold.
For some just observations on the land tenures of India see Lieut.-Col. Sleeman's Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official (Oxford, 1915), pp. 58, 561, 571; while, ^or a fiscal description of the transition system now in force in the North-Western Provinces, the present Lieut.-Governor's Directions for Settlement Officers and his Remarks on the Revenue System may be profitably consulted (1849).
APPENDIX XVII THE ADI GRANTH, OR FIRST BOOK; OR, THE BOOK OF NANAK, THE FIRST GURU, OR TEACHER OF THE SIKHS
—The
first Granth is nowhere narrative or throws no light, by direct exposition, upon the political state of India during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, although it contains many allusions illustrative of the condition of society and of
Note.
historical.
It
the religious feelings of the times. Its teaching is to the general purport that God ie to be worshipped in spirit and in truth, with little reference to particular forms, and that salvation is unattainable without grace, faith,
and good works.
The Adi Granth comprises,
first, the writings attributed to Nanak, and the succeeding teachers of the Sikh faith up to the ninth Guru, Tegh Bahadur, omitting the sixth, seventh, and eighth, but with perhaps some additions and emendations by Gobind; 21
APP. XVI
321
seed, his own inferior food, and the most sijtnple requisites of tillage; and as he has thus no means, he cannot incur the expense or run the risk of introducing
improvements.
Hence it behoves England, if in doubt about Oriental 'socage' and 'freehold' tenures, to redistribute her taxation, to diminish her assessment on the soil, and to give her multitudes of subjects, who are practically 'copyholders', at least a permanent interest in the land, as she has done so largely by customary'
leaseholders within her own proper dominion. There should likewise be a limit to which such estates might be divided, and this could be advantageously done, b}^ allowing the owner of a petty holding to dispose as he pleased, not of the land itself, but of what it might bring when sold.
For some just observations on the land tenures of India see Lieut.-Col. Sleeman's Rambles and Recollections of an Indian Official (Oxford, 1915), pp. 58, 561, 571; while, ^or a fiscal description of the transition system now in force in the North-Western Provinces, the present Lieut.-Governor's Directions for Settlement Officers and his Remarks on the Revenue System may be profitably consulted (1849).
APPENDIX XVII THE ADI GRANTH, OR FIRST BOOK; OR, THE BOOK OF NANAK, THE FIRST GURU, OR TEACHER OF THE SIKHS
—The
first Granth is nowhere narrative or throws no light, by direct exposition, upon the political state of India during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, although it contains many allusions illustrative of the condition of society and of
Note.
historical.
It
the religious feelings of the times. Its teaching is to the general purport that God ie to be worshipped in spirit and in truth, with little reference to particular forms, and that salvation is unattainable without grace, faith,
and good works.
The Adi Granth comprises,
first, the writings attributed to Nanak, and the succeeding teachers of the Sikh faith up to the ninth Guru, Tegh Bahadur, omitting the sixth, seventh, and eighth, but with perhaps some additions and emendations by Gobind; 21
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