Lehal Library

CONTENTS xxxiv A. D. Dec.. 1763. PAGE The Afghans defeated near Sirhind Sirhind taken and destroyed, and the Province ... permanently occupied by the Sikhs 92 93 The Sikhs aid the Jats of Bhartpur in besieging 1764. Delhi ....... Ahmad Shah's seventh expedition and speedy retirement The Sikhs become masters of Lahore A general assembly held at Amritsar, and the Sect established as a ruling People The Sikhs form or fall into a political system which may be termed a Theocratic confederate feudalism Their "Gurumattas', or Diets The System not devised, or knowingly adopted, and therefore incomplete and temporary The Confederacies called 'Misals' Their names and particular origin The relative pre-eminence of the Misals or Confederacies The original and acquired possessions of the Misals The gross forces of the Sikhs, and the irelative strength of the Misals The Order of Akalis Their origin and principles of action . . ... — 93 93 93 93 94 ....... .... 94 94 ... ... 95 96 96 . . ...... ..... ... 97 93 98 99 99 CHAPTER V FROM THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE SIKHS TO THE ASCENDANCY OF RANJIT SINGH AND THE ALLIANCE WITH THE ENGLISH 1765—1808-9 1767. ...... ..... .... ..... ....... .... .... ..... ..... The Sikhs hurried into activity by Ahmad Shah's final descent Amar Singh of Patiala and the Rajput Chief of Katotch appointed to command under the Abdali Ahmad Shah retires Rhotas taken by the Sikhs The Sikhs ravage the Lower Punjab and enter into terms with Bhawalpur Threaten Kashmir 1768. — 1770. the Jumna and 'Misal' pre-eminent And press Najib-ud-daula on Ganges Jhanda Singh of the Bhangi Jammu rendered tributary Kasur reduced to submission 1772. and Multan occupied 1774. Jhanda Singh assassinated by Jai Singh Kanhaya Jai Singh Kanhaya and Jassa Singh Kalal expel — Jassa the Carpenter Kangra falls to the Kanhaya 'Misal' 1779. Taimur Shah of Kabul recovers Multan 1793. Taimur Shah dies, leaving the Sikhs masters of the Upper Punjab as far as Attock 1768-78. The Phulkias master Hariana . 1779-80. • . An expedition sent from Delhi against Malwa Sikhs succeeds in part only 101 102 102 102 102 102 102 102 103 103 103 103 103 103 103 104 104 104 the 105