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History of the Sikhs

CUNNINGHAM

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CONTENTS
xxxiv A. D. Dec.. 1763.
PAGE
The Afghans defeated near Sirhind Sirhind taken and destroyed, and the Province
...
permanently occupied by the Sikhs
92 93
The Sikhs aid the Jats of Bhartpur in besieging
1764.
Delhi
.......
Ahmad
Shah's seventh expedition and speedy retirement The Sikhs become masters of Lahore A general assembly held at Amritsar, and the Sect established as a ruling People The Sikhs form or fall into a political system which may be termed a Theocratic confederate feudalism Their "Gurumattas', or Diets The System not devised, or knowingly adopted, and therefore incomplete and temporary The Confederacies called 'Misals' Their names and particular origin The relative pre-eminence of the Misals or Confederacies The original and acquired possessions of the Misals The gross forces of the Sikhs, and the irelative strength of the Misals The Order of Akalis Their origin and principles of action .
.
...

93 93 93
93 94
....... ....
94 94
... ...
95 96 96
.
.
...... ..... ...
97 93 98 99 99
CHAPTER V FROM THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE SIKHS TO THE ASCENDANCY OF RANJIT SINGH AND THE ALLIANCE WITH THE ENGLISH 1765—1808-9 1767.
...... ..... .... ..... ....... .... .... ..... .....
The Sikhs hurried into activity by Ahmad Shah's final
descent
Amar Singh of Patiala and the Rajput Chief of Katotch appointed to command under the Abdali Ahmad Shah retires Rhotas taken by the Sikhs The Sikhs ravage the Lower Punjab and enter into terms with Bhawalpur Threaten Kashmir
1768.
— 1770.
the
Jumna and
'Misal'
pre-eminent
And press Najib-ud-daula on
Ganges Jhanda Singh
of the
Bhangi
Jammu rendered tributary
Kasur reduced to submission 1772. and Multan occupied 1774. Jhanda Singh assassinated by Jai Singh Kanhaya Jai Singh Kanhaya and Jassa Singh Kalal expel

Jassa the Carpenter
Kangra falls to the Kanhaya 'Misal' 1779. Taimur Shah of Kabul recovers Multan 1793. Taimur Shah dies, leaving the Sikhs masters of the Upper Punjab as far as Attock 1768-78. The Phulkias master Hariana .
1779-80.

.
An expedition sent from Delhi against
Malwa Sikhs succeeds in part only
101
102 102 102 102 102 102 102 103 103 103 103 103
103 103 104 104 104
the 105
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