Lehal Library

CONTENTS XXIX PAGE A. D. Shankar Acharj establishes ascetic and Orders, 24 gives pre-eminence to Saivism 1000-1200. Ramanuj establishes other Orders, with Vishnu as a tutelary God Spiritual Teachers or Heads of Orders arrogate 25 ..... infallibility 26 26 27 27 27 Scepticism and heresy increase The Dogma of 'Maya' receives a moral application General decline of Brahmanism Early Arab incursions into India but little felt Muhammadanism receives a fresh impulse on the conversion of the Turkomans 27 28 Muhammad invades India 1001. 1206. Hindustan becomes a portion separate of the Muhammadan World under the Ibaks 28 29 — and the conquerors become Indianized Action and reaction ..... of Muhammadanism and 29 29 Brahmanism The popular belief unsettled About 1400. Ramanand establishes .....* a comprehensive Sect at Benares and introduces Hero-worship but maintains the equality of true believers before God Gorakhnath establishes a Sect in the Ptmjab and maintains the equalizing effect of religious — — I 30 31 ..... ...... ..... .... ..... 31 31 — penance — but causes further diversity by adopting Siva as the type of God 31 32 About 1450. The Vedas and Koran assailed by Kabir disciple of Ramanand — and the mother tongue of the People used as an instrur ent — but Asceticism upheld still 1500-50. Chaitan preaches religious reform in Bengal insists upon the efficacy of Faith and admits of secular occupations — > — — Vallabh extends the Reformation to the South — and further discountenances celibacy Recapitulation ..... 32 32 33 33 33 33 34 34 34 The reforms partial, and leading to Sectarianism 34 34 35 36 37 37 38 38 only Nanak's views more comprehensive and profound 1469-1539. Nanak's Birth and early Life The mental struggles of Nanak He becomes a Teacher Dies, aged Seventy The excellences of Nanak's Doctrine The Godhead Muhammadans and Hindus worship God in Truth .... .... .... equally called on to 1469- Faith, Grace and Good Works all necessary 1539. Nanak adopts the Brahmanical Philosophy; but in a popular sense, or by way of illustration only Nanak admits the Mission of Muhammad, as well as the Hindu Incarnations Disclaims miraculous powers Discourages Asceticism . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 39 39 40 40 40