interlocking joints that make it easy to install with instructions included in the packaging. The thin decorative surface cannot be easily repaired if it is scratched. the flooring product. Waterproof adhesives are preferable to the non-waterproof types, especially in kitchens, bathrooms, entranceways and laundry rooms. Engineered flooring is made by gluing wood veneer to a plywood substrate and applying a factory finish. It is generally more economical than wood strip flooring because only a small proportion of high-quality wood is used. It is made with interlocking joints that make it easy to install according to the instructions that come with the packaging. Both tile and sheet material should be installed according to the manufacturer’s recommendations. Immediately after the flooring is laid, it should be rolled in both directions. PARQUET FLOORING Parquet flooring is made of small pieces of wood arranged in a pattern and glued to a backing to make tiles. Typical species used for parquet flooring are birch, maple, beech and oak. The tiles have mating edges. Flooring manufacturers have developed a wide variety of special patterns of flooring referred to as parquet flooring with specific installation directions. If parquet flooring is placed over lumber subflooring or panel subflooring whose edges are not supported (blocked or tongue-and-groove), panel underlay is required. RESILIENT FLOORING Resilient flooring is water-resistant and is used in bathrooms, kitchens, laundry rooms, entrance halls and general storage areas. The more common types of resilient floor covering are vinyl and rubber. Both types are available in tile and sheet form. If resilient flooring is placed over lumber subflooring or panel subflooring whose edges are not supported (blocked or tongue-and-groove), panel underlay is required. Resilient flooring is usually cemented to the underlay with an adhesive recommended by the manufacturer for its compatibility with Resilient flooring applied over concrete slabs must be a type recommended by the manufacturer for this use and must be affixed with a compatible waterproof adhesive. CARPET Carpet is commonly used in living rooms, bedrooms and family rooms. It should not be used in areas where water damage or staining is likely to occur. When carpet is desired in such areas, a synthetic-fibre type should be used. For hygienic reasons, carpet is not recommended for use in rooms containing a toilet. Except for cushion-backed carpeting, felt or polymeric carpet underlay should be used. When a subfloor is not constructed as a combination subfloor and underlay as described in Chapter 9, an underlay must be installed. CERAMIC, PORCELAIN, GRANITE AND MARBLE TILE Ceramic, porcelain, granite and marble tile is water-resistant and is typically used in bathrooms, kitchens, entrances and for fireplace hearths. It is available in different colours either with glazed or unglazed surfaces. Tile may be laid either directly on a concrete, plywood or OSB base with an adhesive or in a mortar bed about 30 mm (13⁄16 in.) thick over