168 chap, vii Lahore with his sisters for the purpose of joining in the nuptial ceremonies of the gon of Fateh visiting 1829. Flight of Sansar Chand's widow and son. Raja Hira Singh's marriage, 1829. Insurruction at Peshawar under Saiyid HISTORY OF THE SIKHS Ahmad Shah Ghazi, 1827. History of the Saiyid. His doctrines of religious reform. Singh Ahluwalia. The proposed degradation rendered the mother of the girls more indignant perhaps than the head of the family, and she contrived to escape with them to the south of the Sutlej. Anrudh Chand was required to bring them back, but he himself also The mother fled, and his possessions were seized. died of grief and vexation, and the son followed her to the grave, after idly attempting to induce the English to restore him by force of arms to his little principalit3^ Sarcsar Chand had left several illegitimate children, and in 1829 the disappointed Maharaja endeavoured to obtain some revenge by marrying two of the daughters himself, and by elevating a son to the rank of Raja, and investing him with an estate out of his father's chiefship. The marriage of Hira Singh to a maiden of his own degree was celebrated during the same year with much splendour, and the greatness of Ranjit Singh's name induced even the chiefs living under British protection to offer their congratulations and their presents on the occasion.^ In the meanwhile a formidable insurrection had been organized in the neighbourhood of Peshawar, by an unheeded person and in an unlooked-for manner. a Muhammadan of- a family of Saiyids of Bareilly in Upper India, had been a follower of the great mercenary leader, Amir Khan, but he lost his employment when the military force of his chief was broken up on the successful termination of the campaign against the joint Maratha and Pindari powers, and after Amir Khan's own recognition by the English as a dependent prince. The Saiyid went to Delhi, and a preacher of that city, named Abdul Aziz, declared himself greatly edified by the superior sanctity of Ahmad, who denounced the corrupt forms of worship then prevalent, and endeavoured to. enforce attention to the precepts of the Koran alone, without reference to the expositions of the early Fathers. His reputation increased, and two Maulais, Ismail and Abdul Hai, of some learning, but doubtful views, attached themselves to the Saiyid as his humble disA pilgrimage was ciples and devoted followers.^ One Ahmad Shah, 1 Murray, Ranjit Singh, pp. 147, Delhi to Government, 28th Oct. 1828. 148, and Resident at - A book was composed by Mauli Ismail, on the part of Saiyid Ahmad, in the Urdu, or vernacular language of Upper India, at once exhortative and justificatory of his views. It is called the Takvia-ul-Iman, or 'Basis of the Faith', and it was