Tempo:
strip comprised of shingles with their tabs removed along the eaves before the first course of shingles, so that it extends at least 12 mm (1⁄2 in.) beyond the eaves, rakes and fascia board to form a drip edge. Starter strips with metal drip edges can also be used. This projection prevents water from backing up under the shingles by capillary action. Alternatively, a shingle strip laid with the tabs facing up the roof slope may be used for this purpose. Type M roll roofing may also be used as a starter strip and, when continued up the roof slope, will also serve as eave protection. Nail the starter strip along the bottom edge at 300 mm (12 in.) intervals. Lay the first course of shingles with the butt edge in line with the bottom of the starter strip. The allowable exposure distance of shingles must be respected and depends on the roof slope and the type and length of shingle used. Chalk lines can be used to align the shingle courses so that tabs and tab notches are in a straight line. Asphalt-impregnated building paper is often placed over the roof sheathing as a shingle underlay, and the lines printed on the underlay serve as guides to help align the shingles. Use four large-head roofing nails per strip that are long enough to penetrate at least 12 mm (1⁄2 in.) into the roof sheathing. Most asphalt shingles are self-sealing; a strip of adhesive on the underside of the tab affixes the shingle to the one beneath. Interlocking and other special shingles should be laid according to the manufacturer’s directions.
Asphalt Shingles on Low Slopes of 1:6 to 1:3 Care is required to ensure that the roof covering on a low slope roof is waterproof. Except for the first two courses, use three thicknesses of shingles on the entire roof including hips and
ridges. Maintain a shingle exposure of not more than one-third the full height of the shingle. Install starter strips as for higher-sloped roofs, but apply them over a continuous band of cement not less than 200 mm (8 in.) wide. The first course of shingles is then cemented to the strip with a continuous band of cement that is 100 mm (4 in.) wider than the shingle exposure. For example, a 250 mm (10 in.) band of cement should be used when the shingle exposure is 150 mm (6 in.). The succeeding courses of shingles are laid on a band of cement 50 mm (2 in.) wider than the shingle exposure, so that a 200 mm (8 in.) band is used when the exposure is 150 mm (6 in.). To avoid defacing the exposed surface of the shingles with cement, the band should be located between 25 and 50 mm (1 and 2 in.) above the butt edge of each succeeding course of shingles. Staple or nail each shingle strip in place with four fasteners located above the exposed portion of the shingle. If cold-application cement is used, it should be applied at a rate of approximately 0.5 L/m2 (1 gal./100 sq. ft.) of cemented area. Hot-application cement is applied at a rate of approximately 1 kg/m2 (0.2 lb./sq. ft.) of cemented area. This technique is necessary only for slopes lower than 1:4 since there are special low-slope shingles of sufficient length to maintain the three thicknesses necessary at roof pitches of 1:4 or greater.
Wood Shingles Western red and white cedar are the principal species of wood used for shingles because their heartwoods have high decay resistance and low shrinkage (they may also be preservative-treated). Other species are also used for shingles but should be preservative-treated. Wood shingles commonly for houses are No. 1 and No. 2 grade. The width of wood shingles varies between a maximum width of 350 mm (14 in.) and a minimum width of 75 mm (3 in.).
Asphalt Shingles on Low Slopes of 1:6 to 1:3 Care is required to ensure that the roof covering on a low slope roof is waterproof. Except for the first two courses, use three thicknesses of shingles on the entire roof including hips and
ridges. Maintain a shingle exposure of not more than one-third the full height of the shingle. Install starter strips as for higher-sloped roofs, but apply them over a continuous band of cement not less than 200 mm (8 in.) wide. The first course of shingles is then cemented to the strip with a continuous band of cement that is 100 mm (4 in.) wider than the shingle exposure. For example, a 250 mm (10 in.) band of cement should be used when the shingle exposure is 150 mm (6 in.). The succeeding courses of shingles are laid on a band of cement 50 mm (2 in.) wider than the shingle exposure, so that a 200 mm (8 in.) band is used when the exposure is 150 mm (6 in.). To avoid defacing the exposed surface of the shingles with cement, the band should be located between 25 and 50 mm (1 and 2 in.) above the butt edge of each succeeding course of shingles. Staple or nail each shingle strip in place with four fasteners located above the exposed portion of the shingle. If cold-application cement is used, it should be applied at a rate of approximately 0.5 L/m2 (1 gal./100 sq. ft.) of cemented area. Hot-application cement is applied at a rate of approximately 1 kg/m2 (0.2 lb./sq. ft.) of cemented area. This technique is necessary only for slopes lower than 1:4 since there are special low-slope shingles of sufficient length to maintain the three thicknesses necessary at roof pitches of 1:4 or greater.
Wood Shingles Western red and white cedar are the principal species of wood used for shingles because their heartwoods have high decay resistance and low shrinkage (they may also be preservative-treated). Other species are also used for shingles but should be preservative-treated. Wood shingles commonly for houses are No. 1 and No. 2 grade. The width of wood shingles varies between a maximum width of 350 mm (14 in.) and a minimum width of 75 mm (3 in.).
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